The Law of a Technogenic Civilization to Face Technological Dehumanization Challenges
Abstract
Law as a regulatory system based on the principle of formal equality in freedom is a social phenomenon immanently inherent in a technogenic civilization with its cultural matrix, in which “gene” of techne (skill based on knowledge) was rooted. The specifics of the current stage in the technogenic civilization development are determined by NBIK technologies, NBIK technologies, which contain not only tremendous opportunities to improve the quality of human life, but also no less large-scale dangers of dehumanization, due to their intentions on the posthuman perspectives. The need to resist the destructive potential of these technologies in order to keep the techno humanitarian balance, which still protects humanity from self-destruction, requires the mobilization of all socio-normative resources, the most important of which is law.
However, the problem is modern law, being primarily a system of human rights, is not able to prevent threats to future generations and humanity as a whole. This is especially clearly seen in the example of research and technologies for inherited editing of the human genome, which development cannot be channeled into the mainstream of global legal regulation. The international norms of “soft law” and the world academic community self-regulation can no longer restrain technological expansion into human nature. An attempt to solve the problem along the path of a post-secular turn in the hope that religious consciousness will become that saving spiritual resource, which help humanity to keep its technological power within the proper boundaries, is unlikely to be successful due to the differences in religious anthropologies inherent in different types of religious ideologies. Therefore the task is to develop such a new approach to law understanding that goes beyond the technogenic civilization’s spiritual matrix, which, on the one hand, would preserve the basic guarantees of individual freedom, and on the other, would integrate the idea of the rights of future generations.
Downloads
References
Andorno R. et al. (2020) Geneva Statement on Heritable Human Genome Editing: The Need for Course Correction. Trends in Biotechnology, vol. XX, pp. 1–4.
Berdyaev N.A. (1990) State. Power and law. In: History of Russian legal thought. Leningrad: Lenizdat, 245 p. (In Russ.).
Bogdanova E.E., Maleina M.N., Ksenofontova D.S. (2020) Issues of protecting civil rights in applying genomic technology. LEX RUSSICA, no. 5, pp. 129–141. (In Russ.).
Cranston M. (1975) Human rights. Documents. Paris: Ed. de la Seine, 376 p.
Darnovsky M. (2008) Germline Modification Carries Risk of Major Social Harm. Nature, vol. 453, pp. 827–828.
Dickenson D. (2018) Why editing human genome is dangerous. Available at: https://forbes.kz//process/science/chem_opasno_ruch-noe_redaktirovanie_genoma_cheloveka/? (accessed: 15 February 2020)
Gadhikurbanova P.A. (2003) Fear and responsibility: ethics of technological civilization of Hans Jonas. Eticheskaya mysl’ = Ethical Thought, no. 4, pp. 16–178. (In Russ.).
Grebenschikova E.G. (2016) Biotechnology and limits of human improvement. Epistemiologiya i filosofiya nauki = Epistemogia and Philo-sophy of Science, no. 2, pp. 34–39. (In Russ.).
Gulyga A.V. (2004) Introduction. Russian idea. In: The works of Russian philosophers. Moscow: Airis-press, pp. 5–24. (In Russ.).
Jonas H. (2004) The principle of responsibility. Moscow: Airis-press, 480 p. (In Russ.).
Habermas J. (2001) Belief and knowledge. Available at: https://www.gumer.info/bogoslov_Buks/Philos/Haberm/Ver_Znan.php (accessed:12 January 2021)
Harari Yu. N. (2019). Sapiens. A short history of humankind. Moscow: Sindbad, 278 p. (In Russ.)
Haslam N. (2006) Dehumanization: An Integrative Review. Personality and Social Psychology Review, vol. 10, pp. 252–264.
Korsani A. (2007) Capitalism, biotech science and neoliberalism. Logos, no. 4, pp. 123–143. (In Russ.).
Kosinski M. (2021) Facial recognition technology can expose political orientation from naturalistic facial images. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79310-1 (accessed: 24 March 2021). (In Russ.).
Levandovskiy A.P. (2005) Introduction. In: Pernau R. Eloise and Abailar. Moscow: Molodaya gvardiya, pp. 6–13. (In Russ.).
Levi-Strauss (1985) Structural anthropology. Moscow: Nauka, 536 p. (In Russ.).
Lorents K. (1994) Aggression. Moscow: Progress, 272 p. (In Russ.).
Маslov V.M. (2014) Posthuman trends of technogenic civilization. Fundamental’nie issledovaniya=Basic Studies, no. 6, pp. 871–875. (In Russ.).
Milanovich B. (2014) Global inequality of profits in statistics. Мoscow: HSE, 29 p. (In Russ.)
Montgomery J. (2018) Modifying human genome. In: Prava cheloveka i meditsina. Moscow: Razvitie pravovykh system, pp. 42–56. (In Russ.).
Nazaretyan A.P. (2015) Unlinearfuture. Moscow: Argamak, 409 p. (In Russ.).
Nersesyants V.S. (2006) Philosophyoflaw. Moscow: Norma, 830 p. (In Russ.).
Nersesyants V.S. (2002) Philosophy of law. Voprosy philosofii=Issues of Philosophy, no. 3, pp. 3–15. (In Russ.).
O’Sullivan S. (2019) In search of balance for progress and respecting human. Prava cheloveka biomeditsina. Moscow: Razvitie pravovykh system, pp. 5–10. (In Russ.).
Podlazov A.V. (2018) Global demographics. Demograficheskoe obozrenie = Demographic Review, no. 1, pp. 39–63. (In Russ.)
Ponkin I., Redkina A.I. (2018) Artificial intelligence in terms of law. Vestnik RUDN = Herald of Russian University of People’s Friendship, no. 1, pp. 91–109. (In Russ.).
Prokofiyev A.V. (2013) Protecting interests of the future generations. Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta = Herald of Moscow State Lomonosov University, no. 3, pp. 78–93. (In Russ.).
Rieker P. (2005) Thefair. Moscow: Logos, 299 p. (In Russ.).
Romashov R.A. (ed.) (2021)Legal genesis: tradition, will, law.Saint Petersburg: Aleteya, 480 p. (In Russ.).
Schwab K., Malleret T. (2020) COVID19: The Great Reset. Geneva: World Economic Forum, 127 р.
Semenov Yu. I. (2016) Marriage and family. Available at: URL: http://www.scepsis.ru/library/id_6.html (accessed: 27 June 2020). (In Russ.).
Shalyutin B.S. (2011) Genesis of law as a factor of the formation of society and human. Voprosy filosofii = Issues of Philosophy, no. 11, pp. 14–26. (In Russ.).
Sinelnikov S.P. (2010) Christian anthropology about the image and likeness of man to God. Available at: URL: https://bogoslov.ru/article/817555 (accessed: 5 February 2021). (In Russ.).
Sinchenko G. Ch. (2000) From Mitropolitan Ilarion to N.A. Berdyayev. Filosofiya prava = Philisophy of Law, no. 2, pp. 4–19. (In Russ.).
Stepin V.S. (2017) 21st century as a radical transformation of civilized development. Saint Petersburg: University, pp. 185–188. (In Russ.).
Stepin V.S. (2011) Civilization and culture. Saint Petersburg: University, 408 p. (In Russ.).
Trikoz E.N., Mustafina-Berdikhina D.M., Gulyaeva E.E. (2021) Legal regulation of procedure for gene modification. Vestnik RUDN = Herald of Russian University of People’s Friendship, no. 1, pp. 67–86. (In Russ.).
Varlamova N.V. (2020) Lockdown as a measure to response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Vestnik Saint Peterburgskogo Universiteta MVD = Herald of Saint Petersburg MVD University, no. 3, pp. 6–25. (In Russ.).
Waal F., Ober J. (2005) Primates and Philosophies: How Morality Evolved. Princeton: University Press, 209 p.
Weizsäcker E., Wijkman A. (2018) Come On! Capitalism, Shorttermism, Population and the Destruction of the Planet. A Report to the Club of Rome. New York: Springer, 232 р.
Woods T. (2010) How the Catholic church built Western civilization. Мoscow: IRISEN, 280 p. (In Russ.).
Yudin B.G. (2016) Person as an object, consumer and target of technological science. Znanie. Ponimanie. Umenie=Knowledge. Understanding. Capability, no. 5, pp. 5–22. (In Russ.).
Zakharova M.V., Voronin M.V. (2018) Measure of Freedom in the Context of Legal Regulation of Genomic Research: Foreign Experience. Revista Dilemas contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores. Year VI. Available at: https://dilemascontemp.oraneoseducacionpoliticayvalores.com/_files/200004128c6b43c7b2e/EE%2018.12.16%20edida(accessed: 12 September 2019)
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the Copyright Notice.
